【新唐人2012年11月30日讯】周三，中共总理温家宝主持召开国务院常务会议，讨论通过了《土地管理法修正案（草案）》。有专家推测，这次修改，征地补偿数额在现行标准下，至少可能提高10倍。而这些提高的补偿金最后能不能落到农民手里﹖请看以下的分析报导。
28号，温家宝主持召开国务院常务会议，听取农业和农村工作汇报，对农民集体所有土地“征收补偿制度”作了修改。
今年两会闭幕会上，温家宝提出，将制定并出台“农村集体土地征收补偿条例”。事实上，土地管理法的修订已经提了多年，矛头集中在征地制度改革上。7月，有消息说，中共国土资源部制定的《农村集体土地征收补偿条例》已上报国务院。
“北京大学”法学院教授姜明安对《京华时报》表示，目前还不知道这次的修改细节，但征收补偿应该会提高到现在补偿值的至少10倍。
他推测，这次土地管理法修正案草案，应该是修改了土地管理法中的第47条规定，就是：“土地补偿费和安置补助费的总和不得超过土地被征收前3年平均年产值的30倍。”
他说，如果按47条规定，一亩地一般征收补偿不超过6万元，等于每平方米补偿不足100块钱。他举例说，政府以一亩地6万元的价格征收后，转手就可以通过招拍，挂卖给开发商，价值可达600万元。巨大的价差导致了官民矛盾频发。
前《陕西电视台》编辑马晓明认为，土地征收补偿提高多少倍不是问题，关键是农民土地所有权的问题，国家要征收或者个人购买，必须在平等协商的基础上来进行。
前《陕西电视台》编辑 马晓明：“土地征收和租用或购买的协定，我想都没有很大问题，但是，在执行中间往往走了样，中国现在…目前这种贪腐和官僚主义，弄虚作假盛行的这种情况下，就是有法不依，有规不依，一切都是政府说的算，政府并且有警察、有城管、有武警，甚至出动军队，可以去调动，去镇压人民。”
原《河北人民广播电台》朱欣欣指出，在中共整个权力没有制衡的情况下，补偿费用再多也是被贪官污吏层层剥去，不可能完全落到农民手里。
原《河北广播电台》 朱欣欣：“这些年来，土地纠纷引起的一些悲剧，都是因为权力过大，农民合理的补偿、合理的收入得不到保证，所以说，最根本是制度的改革，同时，光提高农民土地补偿，并不能解决土地根本的所有权的问题，现在土地国有化，实际上都是各级的官员，它从中捞到好处。”
2005年底，广东汕尾政府向手无寸铁的失地农民开枪画面，仍然记忆犹新，近7年来，这种冲突越演越烈。据统计，农民上访60%以上与土地有关。去年广东乌坎大规模土地维权事件之后，风起云涌的土地抗争，更是遍及大陆各个城镇和村庄。
马晓明表示，各地政府对土地强征暴敛，给民众造成的灾难古今罕有，罄竹难书。
马晓明：“在专制体制下，这种权益受侵害以后，被侵害人，没有办法维护自己的权益，上访没人解决，通过法律渠道不给立案，或者通过立案判决，受害方反而输，媒体也不给披露，一切社会监督和裁决的机构全部掌握在政府手里，土地原来的使用者只有受侵犯的份。”
马晓明指出，在巨大的利益驱动和严重的特权腐败下，再冠冕堂皇的规定都难以落实。
采访编辑/李韵 后制/王明宇
Who Benefits from the Land Policy?
On Wednesday, Premier Wen Jiabao of the Chinese
Communist Party (CCP),
chaired a State Council executive meeting, where he discussed
and adopted the Land Management Law Amendment (Draft).
Some experts have speculated that the amount of
compensation for land acquisition under the current standards
is likely to increase at least 10 times with this amendment.
But can the increased compensation finally fall
into the hands of farmers? See the following analysis reports.
On November 28, Premier Wen Jiabao chaired a State Council
executive meeting to hear reports on agricultural and rural work,
and then modified the collectively owned land expropriation
compensation system.
In the “two meetings” closing session in 2012, Premier
Wen Jiabao developed and introduced the Rural Collective Land Compensation Ordinance.
Amendments to the Land Management Law have been
mentioned for years, focusing on land requisition system reform.
In July, it was said that the Rural Collective Land Acquisition
Compensation Ordinance,
created by CCP Ministry of Land and Resources,
had been submitted to the State Council.
Peking University Law School Professor Jiang Ming’an told
the Beijing Times that the details of this modification are unknown,
but compensation for expropriation
should be at least 10 times the current value.
He speculated that this draft amendment to the Land
Management Law should be a modification of the provisions of Section 47 of the Land Administration Law,
which states, “The land compensation and resettlement fees
shall not exceed 30 times of the average annual output value in 3 years prior to the expropriation."
He said that in accordance with the provisions of section 47,
generally compensation of 1 mu of land is less than
RMB 60,000, so the compensation to 1 mu is less than RMB 100 per sq. m.
For example, after the government collected the land
at RMB 60,000/mu, through bidding in auction,
they could sell it to developers at up to RMB 6 million.
The huge difference led to frequently contradictions
between the Government and the people.
Ma Xiaoming, the former Shaanxi TV editor, thinks it did not
matter how many times the land expropriation compensation increased,
the key issue is the farmers’ land ownership, for the country,
either national levies or personal purchase, must be on the basis of equal consultation.
Ma Xiaoming: “I don’t think there is any big problem
for land expropriation, rent or purchase agreements.
However, it is altered during execution.
In the prevalence of corruption, bureaucracy and fraud,
nobody abides by the law or regulations, and everything
is decided by the government, which mobilizes police,
urban management personnel,
armed police and even the army to suppress people."
The original Hebei People’s Radio Zhu Xinxin pointed out that
in the case of no inspection of power in CCP,
the compensation could be taken away by corrupt officials,
and would not all go to the farmers.
Zhu Xinxin: “For years, tragedies caused by land disputes
were all because (the government) had too much power,
but farmers could not get reasonable compensation and
income. The most fundamental thing is reform of the system.
Only improving farmers’ land compensation won’t solve
the fundamental problem of land ownership.
With the nationalization of land, it is actually officials
of all levels who are gaining monetary benefits."
At the end of 2005, government fired at unarmed farmers
who lost their land in Shanwei, Guangdong Province.
Over the past 7 years, these conflicts have intensified.
According to statistics, more than 60% of farmers’ petitions
are related to land.
Last year, after the large-scale land rights event in Wukan,
Guangdong, land struggles broke out all over China.
Ma Xiaoming said, local governments plunder land everywhere,
causing unprecedented disasters to people in China.
Ma Xiaoming: “Under the authoritarian regime,
after people’s interests were victimized,
the victims have no way to protect their own interests.
Their petitions were never filed through legal channels.
Even if it was filed, the victim would always lose the case.
There are no media reports, and all the inspection and judge
institutions are controlled by the government, so the former land users interests are hurt."
Ma Xiaoming pointed out that with huge profit and
serious corruption of privilege, no high-sounding provisions can be implemented.
